肿瘤相关静脉血栓栓塞症研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-583X.2024.04.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

恶性肿瘤相关静脉血栓栓塞症(venous thromboembolism, VTE)是恶性肿瘤的常见并发症,并显著影响患者的生存。近年来,尽管在癌症治疗方面取得了显著的进展,但静脉血栓栓塞事件却有所增加。VTE发生率取决于癌症的类型(胰腺、胃和脑部肿瘤发生风险较高)以及癌症治疗等因素。由于VTE的症状和体征无特异性,诊断需要结合临床表现、风险评估和超声或CT血管造影检查。目前已有多种风险评估模型被验证有助于识别VTE事件。抗凝治疗是治疗VTE的基石,药物可选择低分子肝素或新型口服抗凝药。结合患者出血风险和患者的偏好进行个体化治疗非常必要,应尽可能减小VTE对病人生活质量的影响。合并VTE常导致一系列严重的后果,如血栓复发、抗凝后大出血和住院增加等。合并VTE的癌症患者的生存率较无VTE的癌症患者更差,VTE是癌症患者死亡的主要原因之一。未来的研究应更加关注如何优化风险评估模型,发现新的生物标志物,以及新的抗凝剂的开发与患者的科学管理等。

关键词: 肿瘤, 静脉血栓栓塞, 危险因素, 风险评估, 抗凝治疗

中图分类号:

R739.9

陈诗雨, 罗专波. 肿瘤相关静脉血栓栓塞症研究进展[J]. 临床荟萃, 2024, 39(4): 363-369.

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https://lchc.magtechjournal.com/CN/Y2024/V39/I4/363

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